Table 3 Descriptive statistics of outputs, inputs and explanatory variables of efficiency

Outputs

 Maths_mean

School average score in mathematics

398.0

49.0

382.1

44.7

391.3

47.8

 Read_mean

School average score in reading

390.7

53.6

380.5

54.3

386.4

54.0

Inputs

PARED

Students’ highest parental education level expressed as years of schooling

9.65

1.56

10.15

1.40

9.86

1.51

SCHRES

School Educational Resources Index

4.94

2.71

5.31

3.04

5.09

2.85

PROPCERT

Proportion of fully certified teachers in the school

0.53

0.18

0.52

0.20

0.52

0.19

Explanatory variables

TEST

Student’s assessment through tests with frequency more than one per month

0.13

0.34

–

–

–

–

HOMEWORK

Student’s assessment through monthly homework

0.14

0.35

–

–

–

–

EXTREADING

Percentage of students in the appropriate year

0.09

0.06

–

–

–

–

STUCHECK

Percentage of students who check to see if I remember the work I have already done (mathematics)

–

–

0.25

0.09

–

–

STUIMPORT

Percentage of students who try to work out what the most important parts to learn are (mathematics)

–

–

0.32

0.09

–

–

PCTCORRECT

Percentage of students in the appropriate year

0.55

0.26

0.55

0.24

0.55

0.25

TEACHVOC^a

Vocational technical school

0.31

0.46

0.32

0.47

0.31

0.47

RURAL^a

School located in a town with less than 3000 inhabitants

0.14

0.35

0.13

0.34

0.14

0.34

CITY^a

School located in a city with more than 100,000 inhabitants

0.09

0.29

0.10

0.30

0.09

0.29

TEACHSTU

Number of teachers per 100 students

7.67

3.27

7.48

2.49

7.59

2.96

Curr_author^a

National authorities have a considerable responsibility for determining the content of the courses

0.84

0.37

0.72

0.45

0.79

0.41

Disc_author^a

National authorities has a considerable responsibility for establishing student disciplinary policies

0.63

0.48

0.65

0.48

0.64

0.48

Budget_ppal^a

The school’s principal has a considerable responsibility for distributing the school budget

0.53

0.50

0.30

0.46

0.43

0.50

Budget_author^a

National authorities have a considerable responsibility for distributing the school budget

0.57

0.50

0.66

0.48

0.61

0.49

Asses_author^a

National authorities have a considerable responsibility for establishing the students assessment policies

0.80

0.41

0.68

0.47

0.75

0.44