Table 9 Table 4 coefficients

Dummy for ENGH 96/97

− 0.126***

− 0.101***

− 0.134***

− 0.113***

− 0.088***

− 0.123***

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

Dummy for ENGH 04/05

− 0135***

− 0.126***

− 0.142***

− 0.124***

− 0.108***

0.134***

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

Ln of household expenditure

− 0.131***

− 0.151***

− 0.110***

− 0.131***

(0.002)

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.004)

Ln of household income

− 0.116***

− 0.087***

(0.003)

(0.003)

Food prices/non-food prices

0.040***

0.052***

0.031**

0.041***

0.056***

0.031**

(0.015)

(0.016)

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

(0.015)

Ln household size

0.079***

0.091***

0.088***

0.094***

0.091***

0.100***

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.006)

(0.007)

(0.007)

Dummy for Capital Federal

− 0.035***

− 0.045***

− 0.026***

− 0.031***

− 0.038***

− 0.026***

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

% of members ages 0–4

− 0.059***

− 0.093***

− 0.071***

− 0.076***

− 0.082***

− 0.082***

(0.013)

(0.014)

(0.013)

(0.016)

(0.017)

(0.016)

% of members ages 5–9

− 0.006

− 0.047***

− 0.017

− 0.053***

− 0.067***

− 0.057***

(0.013)

(0.014)

(0.013)

(0.016)

(0.016)

(0.016)

% of members ages 10–15

0.020

− 0.025*

0.010

− 0.037**

− 0.055***

− 0.041**

(0.013)

(0.014)

(0.013)

(0.016)

(0.017)

(0.016)

% of members ages 15–19

− 0.002

− 0.038***

− 0.008

− 0.051***

− 0.070***

− 0.052***

(0.012)

(0.013)

(0.012)

(0.014)

(0.014)

(0.014)

% of members ages 20–35

− 0.058***

− 0.056***

− 0.056***

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.007)

% of members ages 35–60

− 0.018***

− 0.017**

− 0.015**

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.007)

Male head

0.006

0.006

0.007

0.011**

0.013**

0.010**

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

Spouse present

0.027***

0.017***

0.026***

0.008

− 0.005

0.010

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.031)

(0.032)

(0.031)

Head has a job

− 0.033***

− 0.030***

− 0.026***

− 0.013*

− 0.011

− 0.008

(0.004)

(0.005)

(0.004)

(0.007)

(0.007)

(0.007)

Spouse has a job

− 0.027***

− 0.023***

− 0.025***

− 0.009

− 0.009

− 0.009

(0.008)

(0.009)

(0.008)

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

Head and spouse have both a job

0.005

0.010

0.006

0.001

0.004

0.001

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

(0.009)

Owner occupied

0.056***

0.071***

0.054***

0.057***

0.073***

0.052***

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

Free housing occupied

0.059***

0.076***

0.051***

0.062***

0.079***

0.055***

(0.005)

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.005)

(0.006)

(0.006)

Head has public job

− 0.012*

− 0.005

− 0.013**

(0.006)

(0.007)

(0.007)

Head has private job

− 0.018***

− 0.013**

− 0.018***

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.006)

Head self-employed

− 0.003

− 0.002

− 0.005

(0.005)

(0.006)

(0.005)

Head employer

− 0.015**

− 0.017**

− 0.009

(0.007)

(0.008)

(0.007)

Household has a last one car

− 0.031***

− 0.045***

− 0.022***

(0.004)

(0.004)

(0.004)

Number of income recipients

− 0.009***

− 0.005*

− 0.007**

(0.003)

(0.003)

(0.003)

Head is married

0.008

0.017

0.007

(0.030)

(0.031)

(0.030)

Head is single

0.006

0.006

0.004

(0.006)

(0.007)

(0.006)

Head unmarried with spouse

0.004

0.016

0.000

(0.030)

(0.032)

(0.031)

Head has primary complete education

− 0.003

− 0.008

0.000

(0.005)

(0.005)

(0.005)

Head has secondary incomplete education

− 0.021***

− 0.031***

− 0.014**

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.006)

Head has secondary complete education

− 0.026***

− 0.039***

− 0.017***

(0.006)

(0.006)

(0.006)

Head has superior incomplete education

− 0.056***

− 0.073***

− 0.042***

(0.009)

(0.010)

(0.009)

Head has superior complete education

− 0.044***

− 0.062***

− 0.029***

(0.006)

(0.007)

(0.007)

Head has a second job

− 0.003

− 0.007

− 0.001

− 0.005

− 0.005

− 0.005

Spouse has a second job

(0.013)

− 0.014*

(0.012)

− 0.009

− 0.008

− 0.009

Sector of head’s job: agriculture, fishing, etc.

0.010

0.008

0.011

− 0.024

− 0.030

− 0.023

Sector of head’s job: mining

(0.040)

(0.038)

(0.036)

− 0.029

− 0.029

− 0.028

Sector of head’s job: food manufacturing

0.003

0.002

0.004

− 0.011

− 0.012

− 0.011

Sector of head’s job: textile manufacturing

0.009

0.010

0.008

− 0.009

− 0.009

− 0.009

Sector of head’s job: other manufacturing

0.004

0.001

0.005

− 0.006

− 0.006

− 0.006

Sector of head’s job: electricity, gas and water

0.001

0.009

0.000

− 0.013

− 0.013

− 0.013

Sector of head’s job: construction

0.010

0.011

0.008

− 0.007

− 0.007

− 0.007

Sector of head’s job: wholesale and retail trade

0.004

(0.001)

0.005

− 0.006

− 0.007

− 0.006

Sector of head’s job: restaurants and hotels

(0.007)

(0.011)

(0.010)

− 0.012

− 0.012

− 0.012

Sector of head’s job: transport, and Communication

0.018***

0.019***

0.019***

− 0.007

− 0.007

− 0.007

Sector of head’s job: financing, insurance, etc.

0.000

(0.005)

0.002

− 0.007

− 0.007

− 0.007

Sector of head’s job: education, health, etc.

0.009

0.008

0.009

(0.006)

(0.007)

(0.006)

Sector of head’s job: repair services

0.014

0.015

0.012

(0.011)

(0.012)

(0.011)

Sector of head’s job: other sectors

0.002

0.000

0.000

(0.008)

(0.008)

(0.008)

Constant

1.224***

1.111***

1.348***

1.113***

0.951***

1.246***

(0.016)

(0.019)

(0.020)

(0.019)

(0.022)

(0.027)

Observations

10,380

10,364

10,364

10,380

10,364

10,364

R-squared

0.483

0.432

0.478

0.503

0.463

0.499

Adj. R-squared

0.482

0.431

0.478

0.500

0.460

0.497