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Table 5 Latin American social expenditures as GDP percentage. 1990, 2000, 2012

From: Determinants of social spending in Latin America during and after the Washington consensus: a dynamic panel error-correction model analysis

 

1990

2000

2012

TSE

EDE

HE

SSE

OE

TSE

EDE

HE

SSE

OE

TSE

EDE

HE

SSE

OE

Argentina

9.53

1.12

2.20

6.15

0.05

9.13

0.83

2.07

6.23

0.01

11.95

1.72

0.71

9.06

0.46

Bolivia

5.17

3.12

0.49

1.50

0.06

11.51

5.20

1.28

4.78

0.26

11.45

5.23

1.34

4.63

0.26

Brasil

22.78

5.14

4.64

11.63

1.36

20.62

4.80

3.84

10.91

1.08

25.06

5.48

5.01

13.14

1.43

Chile

11.30

2.15

1.67

7.23

0.24

14.22

3.67

2.69

7.51

0.35

14.72

4.27

3.70

6.33

0.43

Colombia

5.69

2.23

0.87

2.16

0.43

10.15

3.25

1.91

4.03

0.96

13.10

3.03

1.95

7.42

0.70

Costa Rica

16.13

4.07

4.96

5.15

1.95

17.32

4.85

5.02

5.96

1.49

22.98

7.38

6.75

6.65

2.20

Ecuador

3.90

2.53

1.11

0.26

0.00

2.51

1.53

0.56

0.31

0.11

8.00

4.56

1.78

1.38

0.28

El Salvador

6.36

1.82

2.19

1.99

0.75

10.03

3.14

3.94

3.17

1.19

14.81

3.92

4.04

4.83

2.03

Guatemala

3.87

1.85

1.04

0.85

0.14

6.85

2.72

1.17

1.14

1.52

7.56

3.20

1.06

1.48

1.82

Honduras

6.44

3.56

2.57

0.31

0.00

7.82

4.77

2.76

0.29

0.20

10.30

6.51

3.87

0.51

0.20

Mexico

5.43

2.21

2.47

0.11

0.64

8.47

3.38

1.99

2.23

0.87

10.65

3.47

2.69

3.09

1.41

Nicaragua

5.53

3.13

3.07

2.00

1.20

6.63

2.96

2.37

1.50

1.30

9.52

4.00

3.00

1.87

2.53

Panama

6.33

3.57

1.44

1.06

0.26

9.06

4.02

2.04

1.75

1.25

9.57

3.58

1.69

1.31

2.99

Paraguay

7.29

0.81

1.50

2.99

0.08

8.51

3.75

2.12

3.49

0.02

17.85

5.83

4.24

7.26

0.52

Peru

5.83

1.87

1.08

2.33

0.59

8.88

3.00

1.52

3.72

0.65

9.78

2.96

2.50

3.03

1.29

Uruguay

15.65

2.40

2.71

10.23

0.31

22.50

2.85

3.65

14.40

1.60

24.12

3.67

5.96

10.66

1.59

Venezuela

11.19

4.08

1.97

2.46

2.63

14.94

5.92

2.63

3.75

2.64

21.16

5.97

4.50

9.16

1.53

Average

8.73

2.68

2.12

3.44

0.63

11.13

3.57

2.44

4.42

0.91

14.27

4.40

3.22

5.40

1.27

Coefficient of Variation

0.59

0.42

0.59

1.01

1.19

0.47

0.36

0.47

0.85

0.78

0.41

0.34

0.54

0.69

0.68

Range (max–min)

18.90

4.33

4.47

11.52

2.63

19.99

5.09

4.46

14.10

2.62

17.50

5.66

6.04

12.63

2.79

Variation 1990–2000

27.5%

33.2%

15.1%

28.5%

44.4%

          

Variation 2000–2012

28.2%

23.2%

32.0%

22.2%

39.6%

          
  1. TSE total social expenditure, EDE education expenditure, HE health expenditure, SSE social security expenditure, OE other expenditure