Latin American Economic Review

Table 1 Descriptive statistics of the analysis variables

From: The dynamic linkage between renewable energy, tourism, CO₂ emissions, economic growth, foreign direct investment, and trade

Variables	Y	CO₂	TRS	TR	RE	FDI
Mean	72.7	40,380.58	1,173,091	58.03	25.33	4.30
Maximum	1100	419,754.2	5,358,000	163.65	432.93	26.59
Minimum	0.32	73.34	43,000	12.45	0.00	− 16.59
Std. dev.	178	79,263.06	1,237,864	30.88	69.42	4.61
Skewness	4.02	2.76	1.57	1.22	4.13	0.84
Kurtosis	18.92	10.27	5	4.54	19.77	5.05
Jarque–Bera	4666.12	1223.80	204.54	121.65	5124.74	396.70
P values	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00

Y gross domestic product (in constant 2005 billion US dollars), CO₂ carbon dioxide emissions (in kilo tons), TRS number of tourist arrivals, TR trade openness ratio (in %), RE renewable energy consumption (in billions of kilowatt-hours), FDI FDI inflows (as percentage of GDP)

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